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Laboratory Development of a Passive Proportional Sampler for Overland FlowStudies in Agricultural Fields
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06/02/2015
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Ryan, T.D. and D. Forristal. 2014. Laboratory development of a passive proportional sampler for overland flow studies in agricultural fields. Canadian Biosystems Engineering 56: 1.1-1.7. DOI: 10.7451/CBE.2014.56.1.1
Abstract
Water-quality in many
rivers remains poor and needs to be improved. Diffuse pollution
continues to cause difficulties. Some instruments are available
which can monitor pollution of rivers from land. They allow
measurement and sampling of overland flow (OLF), but they do
not offer the precision required (proportional sampling and
samples 0.1% of OLF). A laboratory unit was constructed to
mimic instrument performance in the field. This was used to test
three sampler designs. A V-notch weir was used in the first
sampler and a Sutro weir in the second and third as this unit
possessed a proportional discharge to head ratio, which the Vnotch
weir did not have. Other parameters investigated included
ground slope, sampler slope, pipe size and port location. The
remaining issues of nozzle size (0.7, 1.0 and 2.0 mm), the
number of 1.0 mm nozzles and the effect of aspiration were
investigated. The arrangement with the Sutro weir and three 1.0
mm nozzles in series gave proportional discharge and the target
low sampling rate of 0.1%. This will allow the calculation of
sediment and chemical losses for the monitored area and will put
the loss in context with other losses in a catchment.