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Block Chain and Internet of Nano-Things for Optimizing Chemical Sensing in Smart Farming
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2020
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Vimalajeewa, D., Thakur, S., Breslin, J., Berry, D. J., Balasubramaniam, S. Block Chain and Internet of Nano-Things for Optimizing Chemical Sensing in Smart Farming.
Abstract
The use of Internet of Things (IoT) with the Internet of Nano Things (IoNT) can further expand decision making systems (DMS) to
improve reliability as it provides a new spectrum of more granular level data to make decisions. However, growing concerns such as
data security, transparency and processing capability challenge their use in real-world applications. DMS integrated with Block Chain
(BC) technology can contribute immensely to overcome such challenges. The use of IoNT and IoT along with BC for making DMS has
not yet been investigated. This study proposes a BC-powered IoNT (BC-IoNT) system for sensing chemicals level in the context of farm
management. This is a critical application for smart farming, which aims to improve sustainable farm practices through controlled delivery
of chemicals. BC-IoNT system includes a novel machine learning model formed by using the Langmuir molecular binding model and the
Bayesian theory, and is used as a smart contract for sensing the level of the chemicals. A credit model is used to quantify the traceability
and credibility of farms to determine if they are compliant with the chemical standards. The accuracy of detecting the chemicals of
the distributed BC-IoNT approach was ≥ 90% and the centralized approach was ≤ 80%. Also, the efficiency of sensing the level of
chemicals depends on the sampling frequency and variability in chemical level among farms.