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Blood parameters as biomarkers in a Salmonella spp. disease model of weaning piglets
Barba-Vidal, Emili Buttow Roll, Victor Fernando Garcia Manzanilla, Edgar Torrente, Carlos Moreno Munoz, Jose Antonio Perez, Jose Francisco Martin-Orue, Susana Maria
Barba-Vidal, Emili
Buttow Roll, Victor Fernando
Garcia Manzanilla, Edgar
Torrente, Carlos
Moreno Munoz, Jose Antonio
Perez, Jose Francisco
Martin-Orue, Susana Maria
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2017-10-26
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Barba-Vidal E, Buttow Roll VF, Garcia Manzanilla E, Torrente C, Moreno Muñoz JA, PeÂrez JF, Martin-Orue SM. (2017) Blood parameters as biomarkers in a Salmonella spp. disease model of weaning piglets. PLoS ONE 12(10): e0186781. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186781
Abstract
Background
The weaning pig is used as an experimental model to assess the impact of diet on intestinal
health. Blood parameters (BP) are considered a useful tool in humans, but there is very
scarce information of such indicators in the weaning pig. The objective of the present
study is to evaluate the use of different BP as indicators in an experimental model of
salmonellosis.
Methodology
Seventy-two 28-day-old piglets were divided into four groups in a 2x2 factorial arrangement,
with animals receiving or not a probiotic combination based on B. infantis IM1® and B. lactis
BPL6 (109 colony forming units (cfu)/d) and orally challenged or not a week later with Salmonella
Typhimurium (5x108 cfu). Blood samples of one animal per pen (N = 24) were taken
four days post-inoculation for the evaluation of different BP using an I-stat® System and of
plasmatic concentrations of zinc, iron and copper.
Principal findings
Results reported marginal deficiencies of zinc in piglets at weaning. Moreover, plasmatic
zinc, copper and iron presented good correlations with weight gain (r 0.57, r -0.67, r 0.54
respectively; P < 0.01). Blood electrolytes (Na+, Cl- and K+) decreased (P < 0.01) only when
the performance of the animals was seriously compromised and clinical symptoms were
more apparent. Acid-base balance parameters such as HCO3-, TCO2 and BEecf significantly
correlated with weight gain, but only in the challenged animals (r -0.54, r -0.55, and r
-0.51, respectively; P < 0.05), suggesting metabolic acidosis depending on Salmonella infection. Glucose was affected by the challenge (P = 0.040), while Htc and Hgb increased
with the challenge and decreased with the probiotic (P < 0.05). Furthermore, correlations of
Glu, Htc and Hgb with weight gain were observed (P < 0.05). Overall, BP could be regarded
as simple, useful indexes to assess performance and health of weaning piglets.