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Physical and interfacial characterization of phytosterols in oil-in-water triacylglycerol-based emulsions
Zychowski, Lisa Mettu, Srinivas Dagastine, Raymond Kelly, Alan L. O’Mahony, James A. Auty, Mark
Zychowski, Lisa
Mettu, Srinivas
Dagastine, Raymond
Kelly, Alan L.
O’Mahony, James A.
Auty, Mark
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2018-11-16
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Zychowski, L., Mettu, S., Dagastine, R., Kelly, A., O’Mahony, J. and Auty, M. Physical and interfacial characterization of phytosterols in oil-in-water triacylglycerol-based emulsions. Food Structure, 2019, 19, 100101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foostr.2018.11.001
Abstract
Phytosterols possess the ability to significantly lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in the blood, but their bioaccessibility is highly dependent upon the solubility of the phytosterol within the carrier matrix. Currently, there is a limited amount of knowledge on how phytosterols interact at oil-water interfaces, despite research indicating that these interfaces could promote the crystallization of phytosterols and thus decrease bioaccessibility. In order to fill this knowledge gap, this work expands upon a previously studied emulsion system for encapsulating phytosterols and addresses whether phytosterols can crystalize at an oil-in-water emulsion interface. Images from multiple microscopic techniques suggest interfacial phytosterol crystallization in 0.6% phytosterol-enriched emulsions, while interfacial tension results and calculated models showed that whey protein and phytosterols had a synergistic effect on interfacial tension. A deeper understanding of the interfacial behavior of phytosterols in emulsions can provide the functional food and pharmaceutical industry with the knowledge needed to design more bioaccessible phytosterol-enriched products.