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Viromes of one year old infants reveal the impact of birth mode on microbiome diversity
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2018-05-07
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McCann A, Ryan FJ, Stockdale SR, Dalmasso M, Blake T, Ryan CA, Stanton C, Mills S, Ross PR, Hill C. 2018. Viromes of one year old infants reveal the impact of birth mode on microbiome diversity. PeerJ 6:e4694 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4694
Abstract
Establishing a diverse gut microbiota after birth is being increasingly recognised as
important for preventing illnesses later in life. It is well established that bacterial
diversity rapidly increases post-partum; however, few studies have examined the infant
gut virome/phageome during this developmental period. We performed a metagenomic
analysis of 20 infant faecal viromes at one year of age to determine whether spontaneous
vaginal delivery (SVD) or caesarean section (CS) influenced viral composition. We
find that birth mode results in distinctly different viral communities, with SVD infants
having greater viral and bacteriophage diversity. We demonstrate that CrAssphage is
acquired early in life, both in this cohort and two others, although no difference in
birth mode is detected. A previous study has shown that bacterial OTU’s (operational
taxonomic units) identified in the same infants could not discriminate between birth
mode at 12 months of age. Therefore, our results indicate that vertical transmission
of viral communities from mother to child may play a role in shaping the early life
microbiome, and that birth mode should be considered when studying the early life
gut virome.