Evolution of gut microbiota composition from birth to 24 weeks in the INFANTMET Cohort
Author
Hill, Cian JLynch, Denise B
Murphy, Kiera
Ulaszewska, Marynka
Jeffery, Ian B
O'Shea, Carol A
Watkins, Claire
Dempsey, Eugene
Mattivi, Fulvio
Tuohy, Kieran
Ross, R Paul
Ryan, C. Anthony
O'Toole, Paul W.
STANTON, CATHERINE

Date
17/01/2017
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hill, Cian J. et al. Evolution of gut microbiota composition from birth to 24 weeks in the INFANTMET Cohort. Microbiome. 2017 Jan 17;5(1):4. DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0213-yAbstract
Background The gut is the most extensively studied niche of the human microbiome. The aim of this study was to characterise the initial gut microbiota development of a cohort of breastfed infants (n = 192) from 1 to 24 weeks of age. Methods V4-V5 region 16S rRNA amplicon Illumina sequencing and, in parallel, bacteriological culture. The metabolomic profile of infant urine at 4 weeks of age was also examined by LC-MS. Results Full-term (FT), spontaneous vaginally delivered (SVD) infants’ microbiota remained stable at both phylum and genus levels during the 24-week period examined. FT Caesarean section (CS) infants displayed an increased faecal abundance of Firmicutes (p < 0.01) and lower abundance of Actinobacteria (p < 0.001) after the first week of life compared to FT-SVD infants. FT-CS infants gradually progressed to harbouring a microbiota closely resembling FT-SVD (which remained stable) by week 8 of life, which was maintained at week 24. The gut microbiota of preterm (PT) infants displayed a significantly greater abundance of Proteobacteria compared to FT infants (p < 0.001) at week 1. Metabolomic analysis of urine at week 4 indicated PT-CS infants have a functionally different metabolite profile than FT (both CS and SVD) infants. Co-inertia analysis showed co-variation between the urine metabolome and the faecal microbiota of the infants. Tryptophan and tyrosine metabolic pathways, as well as fatty acid and bile acid metabolism, were found to be affected by delivery mode and gestational age. Conclusions These findings confirm that mode of delivery and gestational age both have significant effects on early neonatal microbiota composition. There is also a significant difference between the metabolite profile of FT and PT infants. Prolonged breastfeeding was shown to have a significant effect on the microbiota composition of FT-CS infants at 24 weeks of age, but interestingly not on that of FT-SVD infants. Twins had more similar microbiota to one another than between two random infants, reflecting the influence of similarities in both host genetics and the environment on the microbiota.Funder
Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine; Health Research Board; APC Microbiome Institute; BIO-IT PlatformGrant Number
HRA_POR/2012/123ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-016-0213-y