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    Ammonia emissions from urea, stabilized urea and calcium ammonium nitrate: insights into loss abatement in temperate grassland

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    Forrestal et al Ammonia SUM Spec ...
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    Author
    Forrestal, Patrick J.
    Harty, Mary A.
    Carolan, Rachael
    Lanigan, Gary
    Watson, C. J.
    Laughlin, Ronald J.
    McNeill, Gavin
    Chambers, B. J.
    Richards, Karl G.
    Keyword
    Ammonia
    Volatilisation
    Urea
    Ammonium nitrate
    Inhibitors
    Grassland
    Fertiliser
    Date
    17/11/2015
    
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1126
    Citation
    Forrestal, P. J., Harty, M., Carolan, R., Lanigan, G. J., Watson, C. J., Laughlin, R. J., McNeill, G., Chambers, B. J. and Richards, K. G. (2016), Ammonia emissions from urea, stabilized urea and calcium ammonium nitrate: insights into loss abatement in temperate grassland. Soil Use Manage, 32: 92–100. doi:10.1111/sum.12232
    Abstract
    Fertilizer nitrogen (N) contributes to ammonia (NH3) emissions, which European Union member states have committed to reduce. This study focused on evaluating NH3-N loss from a suite of N fertilizers over multiple applications, and gained insights into the temporal and seasonal patterns of NH3-N loss from urea in Irish temperate grassland using wind tunnels. The fertilizers evaluated were calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), urea and urea with the N stabilizers N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), dicyandiamide (DCD), DCD+NBPT and a maleic and itaconic acid polymer (MIP). 200 (and 400 for urea only) kg N/ha/yr was applied in five equal applications over the growing season at two grassland sites (one for MIP). Mean NH3-N losses from CAN were 85% lower than urea and had highly variable loss (range 45% points). The effect of DCD on NH3 emissions was variable. MIP did not decrease NH3-N loss, but NBPT caused a 78.5% reduction and, when combined with DCD, a 74% reduction compared with urea alone. Mean spring and summer losses from urea were similar, although spring losses were more variable with both the lowest and highest losses. Maximum NH3-N loss usually occurred on the second day after application. These data highlight the potential of stabilized urea to alter urea NH3-N loss outcomes in temperate grassland, the need for caution when using season as a loss risk guide and that urea hydrolysis in temperate grassland initiates quickly. Micrometeorological measurements focused specifically on urea are needed to determine absolute NH3-N loss levels in Irish temperate grassland.
    Funder
    Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Programme; Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Ireland
    Grant Number
    RSF 13S430; 11S138
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sum.12232
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Environment, Soils & Land Use
    Environment, Soils & Land Use
    Environment, Soils & Land Use

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