Invited review: Whey proteins as antioxidants and promoters of cellular antioxidant pathways
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Corrochano, A., Buckin, V., Kelly, P. and Giblin, L. (2018). Invited review: Whey proteins as antioxidants and promoters of cellular antioxidant pathways. Journal of Dairy Science, [online] 101(6), pp.4747-4761. Available at: https://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13618.Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to cell injury and aggravates several chronic diseases. Dietary antioxidants help the body to fight against free radicals and, therefore, avoid or reduce oxidative stress. Recently, proteins from milk whey liquid have been described as antioxidants. This review summarizes the evidence that whey products exhibit radical scavenging activity and reducing power. It examines the processing and treatment attempts to increase the antioxidant bioactivity and identifies 1 enzyme, subtilisin, which consistently produces the most potent whey fractions. The review compares whey from different milk sources and puts whey proteins in the context of other known food antioxidants. However, for efficacy, the antioxidant activity of whey proteins must not only survive processing, but also upper gut transit and arrival in the bloodstream, if whey products are to promote antioxidant levels in target organs. Studies reveal that direct cell exposure to whey samples increases intracellular antioxidants such as glutathione. However, the physiological relevance of these in vitro assays is questionable, and evidence is conflicting from dietary intervention trials, with both rats and humans, that whey products can boost cellular antioxidant biomarkers.Funder
Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine; Teagasc Walsh Fellowship ProgrammeGrant Number
13 F 454-WheyGSHae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
https://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13618
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