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    Calf health from birth to weaning. III. Housing and management of calf pneumonia

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    Author
    Lorenz, Ingrid
    Earley, Bernadette
    Gilmore, John
    Hogan, Ian
    Kennedy, Emer
    More, Simon J
    Keyword
    Calf health
    Periparturient management
    Date
    2011-10-21
    
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11019/283
    Citation
    Lorenz I, Earley B, Gilmore J, Hogan I, Kennedy E, More SJ. Calf health from birth to weaning. III. Housing and management of calf pneumonia. Irish Veterinary Journal, 2011, 64(1):14. doi: 10.1186/2046-0481-64-14.
    Abstract
    Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. A three part review series has been developed focusing on calf health from birth to weaning. In this paper, the last of the three part series, we review disease prevention and management with particular reference to pneumonia, focusing primarily on the pre-weaned calf. Pneumonia in recently weaned suckler calves is also considered, where the key risk factors are related to the time of weaning. Weaning of the suckler calf is often combined with additional stressors including a change in nutrition, environmental change, transport and painful husbandry procedures (castration, dehorning). The reduction of the cumulative effects of these multiple stressors around the time of weaning together with vaccination programmes (preconditioning) can reduce subsequent morbidity and mortality in the feedlot. In most studies, calves housed individually and calves housed outdoors with shelter, are associated with decreased risk of disease. Even though it poses greater management challenges, successful group housing of calves is possible. Special emphasis should be given to equal age groups and to keeping groups stable once they are formed. The management of pneumonia in calves is reliant on a sound understanding of aetiology, relevant risk factors, and of effective approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Early signs of pneumonia include increased respiratory rate and fever, followed by depression. The single most important factor determining the success of therapy in calves with pneumonia is early onset of treatment, and subsequent adequate duration of treatment. The efficacy and economical viability of vaccination against respiratory disease in calves remains unclear.
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2046-0481-64-14
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    Teagasc publications in Biomed Central
    Animal & Bioscience

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