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    Targeting the Microbiota to Address Diet-Induced Obesity: A Time Dependent Challenge

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    Author
    Clarke, Siobhan F.
    Murphy, Eileen F.
    O'Sullivan, Orla cc
    Ross, R Paul
    O'Toole, Paul W.
    Shanahan, Fergus
    Cotter, Paul D.
    Keyword
    Obesity
    Gut microbiota
    Bacteria
    Diet
    Vancomycin
    Weight gain
    Date
    07/06/2013
    
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11019/715
    Citation
    Clarke SF, Murphy EF, O’Sullivan O, Ross RP, O’Toole PW, et al. (2013) Targeting the Microbiota to Address Diet-Induced Obesity: A Time Dependent Challenge. PLoS ONE 8(6): e65790. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065790
    Abstract
    Links between the gut microbiota and host metabolism have provided new perspectives on obesity. We previously showed that the link between the microbiota and fat deposition is age- and time-dependent subject to microbial adaptation to diet over time. We also demonstrated reduced weight gain in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice through manipulation of the gut microbiota with vancomycin or with the bacteriocin-producing probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118 (Bac+), with metabolic improvement achieved in DIO mice in receipt of vancomycin. However, two phases of weight gain were observed with effects most marked early in the intervention phase. Here, we compare the gut microbial populations at the early relative to the late stages of intervention using a high throughput sequencing-based analysis to understand the temporal relationship between the gut microbiota and obesity. This reveals several differences in microbiota composition over the intervening period. Vancomycin dramatically altered the gut microbiota composition, relative to controls, at the early stages of intervention after which time some recovery was evident. It was also revealed that Bac+ treatment initially resulted in the presence of significantly higher proportions of Peptococcaceae and significantly lower proportions of Rikenellaceae and Porphyromonadaceae relative to the gut microbiota of L. salivarius UCC118 bacteriocin negative (Bac-) administered controls. These differences were no longer evident at the later time. The results highlight the resilience of the gut microbiota and suggest that interventions may need to be monitored and continually adjusted to ensure sustained modification of the gut microbiota.
    Funder
    Science Foundation Ireland; Alimentary Health Ltd
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065790
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    Food Biosciences
    Food Biosciences
    Food Biosciences
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